HISTORY AND FOLKLORE
THERE ARE NUMEROUS myths and legends associated with gems. Some tell of cursed stones; others of stones with special powers of: healing, or that protect or give good luck to the wearer. Some of the largest known diamonds have legends associated with them that have been told and re-told over centuries, and many now lost are surrounded by tales of intrigue and murder. Some mines are thought to be cursed - probably a rumour spread by the mine-owners to keep unwanted prospectors away. In Burma, for instance, where all gemstones belonged to the monarch, the belief that anyone who took a stone from a mine would be cursed may have been deliberately cultivated to curb losses of a valuable national asset.
crystal gazing
Since Greek and Roman times, balls of polished rock crystal have been used to see into the future. The difficulty of finding a flawless piece large enough to be polished adds to the mystique. The mystic gazes at the ball, lets the eyes go out of focus, and then interprets the misty.
PERUVIAN GOD
This 12th-century ceremonial knife from Peru is made from gold adorned with turquoise. The handle has been formed into the image of a divinity.
THUMB GUARD
This 17th-century ring. mounted with rubies and emeralds, was protect archers' thumbs when releasing arrows.
BIRTHSTONES
Certain gems have traditionally been associated with different months of the year, and are thought lucky or important for people born under their "influence". This probably stems from the ancient belief that gems came from the heavens. Many eultures associate gems with the signs of the zodiac, and others with the months of the year, but the selection varies from country to country, perhaps influenced by availability of gems, local traditions, or fashions. The custom of wearing birthstone jewellery started in 18th-century Poland, and has since spread throughout the world. The most popular selection today is shown right.
CRYSTAL HEALING
a very long history, as the rituals of medicine men in ancient tribes attest. Crystal healers today believe that each gem has the power to influence the health and well-being of a specific part of the body. The light| reflected off stones placed on vital nerve points is thought to be absorbed by the body, supplying it with healing energy.
ROCK CRYSTAL
Prized for their beauty and clarity, rock crystals are often chosen for use in crystal healing.
CRYSTAL PENDANT
Gems worn close to the skin are believed to heal or protect.
